Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Murraya Koenigii: Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Evaluation of its Toxicity and Antipyretic Activity in Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Fever, characterized by an elevated body temperature beyond the normal range, necessitates effective management. Traditional therapies rooted in indigenous knowledge prove effective, in addressing fever-related conditions for optimal well-being. This study explores the antipyretic potential of Murraya koenigii, a plant deeply rooted in traditional practices in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: The hydroethanol leaf extract of Murraya koenigii was subjected to phytochemical screening and acute toxicity assessment, followed by In vivo antipyretic effects evaluated in male Wistar Albino rats using a yeast-induced fever model.
Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, and alkaloids. The acute toxicity study demonstrated the safety of Murraya koenigii extract up to 5000 mg/kg, highlighting its wide safety margin. In vivo antipyretics evaluation showed a significant (p< 0.05) temperature reduction at time 90 and 120 minutes by Murraya koenigii hydroethanolic extract (250mg/kg), comparable to the negative control group.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the phytochemical profile, safety, and antipyretics properties of Murraya koenigii, supporting its traditional use for fever management.