A Comprehensive Review of Canarium odontophyllum Fruits and Their Multifaceted Benefits

The rare plant Canarium odontophyllum Miq., locally known as "dabai," is found in Sarawak, Malaysia. The fruit is often consumed for its purported health benefits, but it remains underutilized due to its short shelf life, particularly in rural areas. Despite being a seasonal fruit, dabai is recognized for its nutritional value, and some studies have explored Canarium odontophyllum's biological properties to support its use as a nutraceutical and health supplement. The pulp, peel, and kernel of the dabai fruit are all nutrient-dense, bioactive components, rich in dietary fiber. The fruit contains flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. Furthermore, crude extracts from Canarium odontophyllum have shown a variety of therapeutic benefits, including antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antifungal effects. Dabai is particularly notable for its high nutritional content, which includes significant amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from 1980 through November 2023 to identify relevant publications.