The Role of Immune Check Point Gene Expression of Pd-1 and Tim-3 in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic cell cancer that spreads quickly to the blood and rapidly developing in the bone marrow. The prognosis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, despite recent improvements in the therapeutic landscape. In hematological malignancies, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been studied, such as AML; however, the role of program cell death -1(PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) in AML has not been thoroughly elucidated yet. Thus, the current study conducted to investigate the PD-1 and TIM‑3 gene expression in the AML patients and determine its associations with clinical outcomes and prognostic variables. The study collected 80 blood samples from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and 40 blood samples from volunteer healthy individual were evaluated as control and real time quantitative (qRT-PCR) analysis was detect to performed PD-1 and TIM‑3 expression. The result showed there was non-significant (P>0.0001) in expression of TIM-3 in patients with AML, while expression of PD-1 statistically has high significant difference (P ≤ 0.0001). A cutoff value of PD-1 for patients vs. control was (0.853) with high sensitivity than cutoff value of TIM-3 for patients vs. control that can be diagnostically significant in distinguishing between patients and controls. Our data result showed that high expression of PD-1 in T cell is extremely correlated with progression of disease and down regulated gene expression of TIM-3 in AML patients.