Multi-objective optimization of differentiated marketing service ecosystem considering green power direct connection scenario

Abstract
In power systems with high penetration of renewable energy and inverter-based resources, traditional uniform power supply strategies are no longer able to satisfy differentiated customer requirements for Customer Power Supply Reliability (CPSR) and power quality. To address this issue, this paper proposes a differentiated smart power supply marketing service mode considering voltage sag constraints and Green Power Direct Connection (GPDC). First, a dual-dimensional customer reliability classification method is established based on supply continuity and voltage sag sensitivity. Second, a probabilistic voltage sag model considering renewable power fluctuations is developed. On this basis, a multi-objective mixed-integer optimization model integrating GPDC allocation, energy storage dispatch, and Volt/VAR regulation is formulated to simultaneously minimize system operating costs and maximize renewable energy utilization while satisfying reliability constraints. Simulation results on a representative distribution network demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve supply reliability for critical customers and increase renewable energy consumption. The proposed framework provides an engineering-oriented solution for differentiated power supply services in future smart distribution systems.