Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Secondhand Smoking Among Omani Male Adolescents and the Sociodemographic Correlates: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: We sought to assess the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescent males in Oman and identify sociodemographic factors influencing usage and attitudes towards tobacco products. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2024 among male adolescents in public schools (grades 9–12) in Sohar, Oman. A two-stage cluster sampling approach was employed: six schools were randomly selected proportional to enrollment size, followed by random selection of classrooms within each school. Data were collected using a validated Arabic version of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, administered in-person. Results: All participants completed the survey in classroom settings (100% response rate; n = 227). Forty participants (17.6%) reported having tried tobacco, with the age at initiation largely between 14 and 15 years. Current smoking prevalence was 7.5% (n = 17), and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) was reported by over 40% of participants, both in enclosed and open spaces. Awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco was high, with 61.7% (n = 140) acknowledging the health risks associated with tobacco use. However, misconceptions concerning tobacco use remained prevalent, notably regarding the risks of SHS, perceived prevalence of peer smoking, and social desirability associated with smoking. Conclusions: Despite relatively high awareness of harmful effects, tobacco use among adolescents in Sohar remains an important public health concern, particularly regarding SHS exposure and social influences. Appropriate intervention strategies should target persistent misconceptions and address social influences. Strengthening public health initiatives and enforcing smoking bans in public spaces are recommended to limit tobacco exposure among Omani youth.