IL- 33 and sST- 2 association with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Previous studies showed high serum levels of IL- 33 in AS patients and suggested that it may play a role in disease development. However, the possible role of IL- 33/sST- 2 in atherosclerosis in AS has not been investigated.


Objectives
To assess serum levels of IL- 33 and sST- 2 and to assess their association with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and disease activity in a group of Egyptian patients with AS.


Results
Serum levels of IL- 33 and sST- 2 were statistically higher in AS patients compared to controls (median, 451.75 vs 37.42, p = 0.000) and (median, 5.71 vs 0.74, p = 0.000) respectively. IL- 33 and sST- 2 levels positively correlated with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (r = 0.445, p = 0.004) and (r = 0.421, p = 0.007) respectively, and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with CRP (r = 0.684, p = 0.000) and (r = 0.452, p = 0.003) respectively. There was a positive correlation between serum IL- 33/sST- 2 and CIMT.


Conclusion
The high serum levels of IL- 33 and sST- 2 in AS patients and their positive correlation with CIMT and AS disease activity suggest that IL- 33/ST2 axis-induced inflammation may be a major factor in the development of cardiovascular disease in AS patients.