In vitro studies of Bituminaria bituminosa L. extracts from Palestine for their antioxidant, qualitative, and quantitative properties

Natural products with high antioxidant activity are critical for preventing oxidative stress, resulting in various degenerative and metabolic health problems. The study aimed to examine various extracts' qualitative and quantitative phytochemical contents. (aqueous, methanol, hexane, and acetone.) of Bituminaria bituminosa, in addition to evaluating their antioxidant capability. Standard analytical procedures were used to estimate the quantitative and qualita-tive tests for B. bituminosa. Four solvent extracts and the 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ( DPPH ) assay were also used to assess the in vitro antioxidant activity. The hexane extract has a high flavonoid content (103.95 ± 4.7 mg of RUE/g derived from extract (dry), while the acetone extract has the highest amounts of hydrolyzable tannin and anthocyanin with values of 84.33 ± 1.56 mg of GAE/g of extract (dry) and 17.5 ± 0.7 mg of CAE/g of extract (dry), respectively. It also has the potential to be an antioxidant, with an IC50 value of 17.37 ± 1.97 µg/ml. This investigation reveals that hexane extract of B. bituminosa is a possible natural antioxidant source and can form the basis for therapeutic applications. As a result, the plant has the potential to be used in a future in-vivo study to explore its efficacy and safety in an-imal models. This research shows that B. bituminosa hexane extract is a possible source of naturally occurring antioxidants and could be used to develop therapeutic applications.