Exploring the Potent Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Rosmarinus Officinalis L. Leaf Extract: Health-Promoting Benefits of Rosemary Leaf Extract

Rosmarinus officinalis L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Over time, Rosmarinus officinalis has been employed for its potential contributions to health. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of R. officinalis leaves. Rosmarinus officinalis leaves were collected from various locations in the southern region of Palestine, subjected to air-drying, grinding into powder, and then extracted. The methanol extracts obtained were subsequently analyzed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sections were evaluated for their antioxidant activities through assays measuring 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and [2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] (ABTS) radical scavenging and their antibacterial activities were examined by disk diffusion. The analysis successfully separated and identified various volatile compounds and semi-volatile phytochemicals. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) and camphor were the primary components in all analyzed Rosmarinus officinalis samples. The analyzed samples' extracts demonstrated scavenging abilities ranging from 73.25% to 88.82% and 73.25%-76.36%, using the ABTS and DPPH assays, respectively. In antibacterial investigations, inhibitory zones were observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings regarding Rosmarinus officinalis 's antioxidant and antibacterial properties suggest its potential as a promising antioxidant and potential antibacterial solution.