Alleviating Bisphenol-A induced renal toxicity: Protective efficacy garlic extract in a mammalian model by biomarker Analysis

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the adverse effects of Bisphenol-A (BPA) on renal functions and to evaluate the potential mitigating impacts of fresh garlic extract. Methodology: A total of 50 albino mice were housed in control conditions within the animal house. These animals were orally administrated BPA and fresh garlic extract for duration of 28 days. Subsequently, the mice were categorized into five groups: Control (G-I), Vehicle control (G-II), BPA treated (G-III), Antidote treated (G-IV) and Fresh garlic extract treated (G-V), each consisting of 10 individuals (n=10). Following the 28 day exposure period, all mice were humanely euthanized, and their kidneys were subjective to comprehensive analysis to diagnose the effects of both BPA and fresh garlic extract. Results: Renal function tests were conducted to find the toxicological implications of BPA, while Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Total Phenolic Contents (TPC) assays were used to evaluate the potential ameliorative effect of fresh garlic extract. Additionally histo-pathological assessments performed to scrutinize the structure integrity of the kidneys. This research revealed that BPA-induced toxicity, resulting in alleviation level of urea and creatinine. Conversely mice treated with fresh garlic extract exhibited divergent response. Notably the fresh garlic extract effectively mitigated the effect of BPA leading to a restoration of normal kidney structure and functionally. Conclusions: The current findings under-score, the potential therapeutic utility of fresh garlic extract in ameliorating BPA-induced renal toxicity.