The Comprehensive Epidemiological Study on Cancer Patterns in Iraq: A National Analysis of Gender and Geographical Disparities

Abstract: Background: One of the most common cancers in Iraq is Colorectal and Bronchus &Lung and leukemia and Brain, CNS.
Objectives: In this study, Iraq national cancer registry [2022] is employed to analyses the gender and regional disparities of four common cancers [colorectal, leukemia, brain/CNS, and lung/bronchus].
Methods: This study was conducted among 9577 patients. The data from Iraqi National Cancer Registry [2022] - Ministry of Health. Data were analyzed using statistic.
Results: Statistics showed that Baghdad recorded the highest number of cases [2,225], while Muthanna recorded the lowest [89]. An increase in lung cancer [73.9%] and leukemia [61.3%] cases was observed among males, while females were the most common gender among leukemia cases in Dhi Qar [59 females compared to 38 males]. Using statistical tests, we observed highly significant spatial variations [Moran's coefficient = 0.42, p < 0.001] and gender disparities [p < 0.05].
 Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for targeted prevention strategies and environmental research in high-risk governorates.