Treatment Wastewater of Oil Refinery by Fe2O3 NPs produce by the novel Alishewanella Jeotgali strain HAQ8.

Metal oxide nanoparticles like iron oxide (Fe2O3) exhibit strong reactivity and photolytic features in wastewater treatment and serve as an effective adsorbent for water purification due to its substantial surface area and affinity for different functionalized groups. Iron oxide nanoparticles) IONPs) are currently applied to treat oil-contaminated water. Fe₂O₃NPs were produced using an extracellular approach utilizing the Alishewanella jeotgali strain HAQ8. IONPs were characterized using UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, AFM, SEM-EDX, and Zeta potential. λ max for the synthesized nanoparticles observed at (358) nm. The bands at 485 cm⁻¹ in the FT-IR spectrum confirmed the formation of IONPs. The XRD showed that the IONPs' average crystallite size was (19) nm. According to AFM and SEM analyses, the surface roughness, maximum height, and mean diameter of Fe₂O₃NPs were (4.86, 18.36, and 48.8) nm, respectively, with spherical shapes. The Zeta potential of Fe2O3 NPs was (-43) mV. At 0.2 mg/mL Fe2O3 NPs, crude oil degradation reached (69.08) %, increasing to (71.4)% at pH 9. Fe2O3 NPs' cytotoxicity results indicated they were biocompatible with red blood cells even at the highest concentration. Fe₂O₃NPs produced by bacteria are harmless and non-toxic. Fe₂O₃NPs are expected to be potential candidates for crude oil degradation.