An efficient and responsive electrochemical nanosensor for the detection of dopamine via oxide based nanoparticles

Copper oxide, a well-known semiconductor material, is used in many different applications, such as photocatalysis, energy evolution, solar cells, and optoelectronics, etc. Not much work has been done on identifying the industrial chemical for dopamine (DA) detection utilizing as a sensor material. The purpose of this study was to develop nanoparticles (NPs) via a solution process and utilized as a sensing material for the detection of dopamine. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to examine the particle size and chemical properties. Using NPs as a well-organized electron intermediate, DA was detected electrochemically. The NPs were mixed with organic glue (ethyl carbitol) and fixed onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface to test their sensing effectiveness under three electrode setup. The chrono amperometry of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs/GCE) was used to analyze the effect of time (0 to 1200
s s
) for the formed electrode. With adjustments made to various electrochemical conditions, including the concentration of DA and the potential (1-100 mV/s), it was tested at very low concentrations of DA (0.48, 0.97, 1.97, 3.95, 7.81, 15.62, 31.25, 62.50, 125, 250, and 500 μM/L) in a potassium biphthalate buffer solution (PBBS). The stability and repeatability were confirmed by using a cyclic reaction for 30 days. The detection limits of the proposed sensor (CuONPs/GCE) were determined to be 0.0496 for I
Pa
and 0.0431 (μM) for I
Pc,
and quantification (limit of quantification (LOQ)) values for I
Pa
and I
Pc
are observed to be 0.150 and 0.130 (μM) respectively. Also the sensitivities for I
Pa
and I
Pc
, which are 1.576 × 10
-4
and 1.087 × 10
-4
(µAµM
-1
cm
-2
) correspondingly with possible mechanism.