Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Caregivers in the Management of Asthmatic and Non-asthmatic Children: A Community-based Study

Background:
Bronchial asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition, poses significant health challenges for children. Proper management of childhood asthma
requires the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the caregivers. This study assesses the KAP of caregivers in the management of
asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in the UAE.


Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ras Al Khaimah over four months, involving 182 children aged 6-16 years. Data were collected through
a pre-validated KAP questionnaire distributed to caregivers of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children across schools, parks, and private clinics.
Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the responses.


Results:
Among caregivers of asthmatic children, 77.1% demonstrated adequate knowledge, while 45.83% held a positive attitude towards asthma. In
contrast, caregivers of non-asthmatic children had lower knowledge (37%) and attitudes (26.88%). Lack of adequate knowledge led to poor asthma
management practices, with only 75% of caregivers conducting regular follow-ups. Better caregiver knowledge was associated with improved
asthma control, while misconceptions and negative attitudes led to suboptimal care.


Conclusion:
Significant gaps in caregiver KAP were identified, with a need for targeted educational programs to enhance asthma management. Improving
caregiver understanding and attitudes through regular physician visits and educational initiatives is crucial for optimizing asthma outcomes in
children.