Enhancing IoV Integration: The Critical Role of Secure Data Transmission in IoT and Electric Vehicle Ecosystems

Efficient data transmission within this ecosystem is critical as integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) becomes increasingly common. This study examines the crucial role of data transmission in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) integration through a systematic literature review to clarify how EVs integrate into the larger IoT ecosystem and how data transmission performs a crucial role in enabling efficient interaction. It employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodological framework to analyze existing data transfer protocols and their performance in real-world applications. It summarizes existing research and provides a roadmap for future directions, addressing unresolved data transmission and security challenges in IoV systems. The review addressed four essential questions related to the types and properties of data transmitted between EVs and their impact on IoT in the context of IoV improvement. Furthermore, an evaluation systematically analyses and assesses risks related to transmitting information in the environment of EVs, considering any potential difficulties or weaknesses. To address these challenges, we propose a Hybrid Blockchain-Based (HBB) model for addressing these challenges, combining edge computing with lightweight, conventional blockchain architectures to ensure secure, scalable, and immediate data transmission. Through extending on previous implementations in EV networks, our method improves data quality and resilience while using the advantages of both blockchain types of lightweight for edge efficiency and standard for strong security and immutability. The review emphasizes the importance of reliable data transfer protocols to maximize EVs’ performance, efficiency, and overall IoT integration. Comprehending these risks is essential for developing resilient and secure communication protocols in the IoV convergence. The finding emphasizes the significance of resolving data transmission issues to fully realize the opportunity of EVs on the IoT