Risks and outcomes among coronavirus disease 2019 patients admitted to Assiut University Hospital

Introduction
The clinical characteristics present with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encompasses asymptomatic to severe disease and mortality. Clinicians need to detect patients whose risk of illness progression and unfavorable outcomes is high.


Aim
To evaluate potential risk factors affecting the severity and outcome of coronavirus infection in patients admitted to Assiut University.


Patients and methods
From October 2021 to October 2022, Assiut University Hospital served as the site of this observational analytical cross-sectional single-centered study. A full medical history, examination, radiographic, and laboratory investigations were performed on patients.


Results
The primary risk variables for mortality of COVID-19 patients include a greater mean age (73.61 ± 10.51) (P value<0.001). Individuals with chronic kidney disease (P value=0.005), and liver cirrhosis (P value<0.001). Those unvaccinated against COVID-19 the (P value = 0.004). Laboratory findings can be used as a predictor of infection severity as higher median white blood cell count (P value=0.044), lower median lymphocytic count (P value=0.028), higher serum ferritin (P value=0.02). Radiologically, a significant higher mean computed tomography severity score percentage is noticed among died patients (16.61 ± 4.55%) (P value<0.001).


Conclusion
Advanced age, patients with renal or hepatic impairment, patients with lower lymphocytic counts or with higher computed tomography severity score are linked to a worse clinical course and outcome among COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Assiut University Hospital.


Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04860232.