Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Outcome at 3 and 6 Months

Epidemiological data on the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute coronary syndrome are sparse, with most studies having been conducted retrospectively. This study prospectively analyzed the incidence of AKI in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to identify the risk factors for AKI and their renal outcome at 3 and 6 months. This was a prospective and observational study, which enrolled 120 patients presenting with their first episode of AMI to our hospital and consented to the study. Renal function tests were performed at admission, at 48 h, and at follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The majority of the patients underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention (59.2%), 21.7% received thrombolytic therapy, and 19.2% were managed conservatively. At 48 h, 11 patients had AKI. At 3 months, 8 patients had died, and renal dysfunctions were seen in 9 out of 112 patients. At 6 months, 12 patients out of 112 had renal dysfunction. There was no difference in the incidence of AKI in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate above and below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Killip Class 4 and diabetes mellitus were associated with an increased incidence of renal dysfunction in AMI patients. The type of treatment and the use of a contrast agent in the coronary intervention did not affect the development of AKI. According to this study, if indicated, a percutaneous coronary intervention should not be denied to patients for fear of developing AKI. This needs to be examined in larger randomized trials.