Impact of chemokine receptor 4 expression in adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia

Background
The overall survival (OS) of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is still low despite significant advancements in our knowledge of and approach to treating some leukemias in recent years. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new prognostic markers and treatment approaches. Although chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression levels have been demonstrated to influence the prognosis of neoplastic cells in numerous cancer types, it is yet unknown how they relate to the prognosis of AML.


Aim
To determine the CXCR4 expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in AML.


Patients and methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Clinical Hematology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, at Zagazig University Hospitals on AML patients who attended the Internal Medicine Department, Zagazig University Hospital. CXCR4 expression was measured in all cases.


Results
At a cutoff point of 4068.8 with area under the curve 1, CXCR had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% in the prediction of a bad prognosis in the studied groups with positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 100%


Conclusion
In AML, CXCR4 is a useful prognostic marker that is simple to assess using flow cytometry. Finding evidence of CXCR4 expression may also indicate extramedullary invasion. According to all of these results, CXCR4 may be a significant biomarker for AML patient diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, it would be particularly helpful when evaluating the risk of AML patients with normal karyotypes.