Elevated pre-transplant soluble interleukin-2 receptor associated with post-transplant infections in multiple myeloma patients eligible for autologus stem cell transplant

Background
The soluble version of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expressed on activated lymphocytes is called soluble IL-2R (sIL-2R), also known by the designation cluster of differentiation 25. In this study, pretransplant sIL-2R levels in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous bone marrow transplants were measured, and the results were correlated with the patients’ clinical outcomes 6 months after the transplant.


Techniques
Total 31 multiple myeloma patients in their first full remission who were eligible for autologous bone marrow transplantation participated in this prospective cohort research. The Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess serum IL-2R.


Findings
Post-transplant C reactive protein levels were higher and infection rates were greater in patients with elevated sIL-2R. Every patient with post-transplant problems exhibited elevated levels of sIL-2R. The levels of sIL-2R and post-transplant C reactive protein (r=0.629, P<0.001), platelets, and neutrophils showed a significant positive connection.