Prognostic impact of CD56 and CD117 in multiple myeloma patients

Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder, which originates from the post-germinal lymphoid B-cell lineage. MM continues to be a difficult hematologic malignancy, despite the progress made in treatment. It is imperative to stratify risk and conduct prognostic assessments using a variety of markers, such as the expression of CD56 and CD117. Nevertheless, the correlation between these markers and the survival of individuals with MM remains a topic of debate. The objective of this investigation was to examine the prognostic implications of CD56 and CD117 expression and their influence on established prognostic factors and patient outcomes.


Patients and methods
This cohort study was conducted on 100 MM patients. The flow cytometry technique was used to quantify the expression of CD56 and CD117 on plasma cells.


Results
The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival were significantly lower in the single negative CD56 and CD117 group compared with the positive group. CD56 showed a significant negative correlation with the percentage of plasma cells and β-2 microglobulin but a positive correlation with CD117. CD117 showed a significant negative correlation with the percentage of plasma cells and β-2 microglobulin but a positive correlation with CD56. The dual negative CD56 and CD117 group showed a significantly lower OS and disease-free survival compared with other groups.


Conclusions
CD56 and CD117 are prognostic markers that affect OS and are linked to adverse biological prognostic markers. Clinical outcomes are inferior for patients who exhibit dual negativity of CD56 and CD117.